Misija Filipa Švarca

Abstract

Uloga čoveka čije se ime nalazi u naslovu ovog teksta, u događajima koji spadaju u manje poznato poglavlje istorije, sve više se sagledava u pravoj veličini. Filip Švarc je rođen u Vršcu, 19. jula 1894. godine, od oca Samuela, po zanimanju trgovca, i majke Regine rođene Koper, domaćice. Od jedanaestoro dece Švarcovih, sedmoro je umrlo od tada čestih infektivnih bolesti. Filip je u Vršcu pohađao osnovnu i srednju školu. Prema popisu iz 1910. godine u Vršcu je živelo 876 Jevreja, a ukupan broj stanovnika iznosio je oko 20.000. Nakon završene srednje škole Filip Švarc upisao je studije medicine u Budimpešti. Međutim, ubrzo pošto je diplomirao i započeo postdiplomske studije, 1919. godine napušta Budimpeštu, jer je antisemitizam u Mađarskoj nakon raspada Austro-Ugarske i poraza u Prvom svetskom ratu, sve više uzimao maha. U to vreme, kulturni i naučni centri u Nemačkoj bili su privlačni za mnoge Jevreje iz istočne Evrope. Akademsko okruženje na Frankfurtskom univerzitetu, nudilo je studentima kvalitetne predavače i dobre uslove za rad, i Filip Švarc će upravo u toj sredini od 1919. pa sve do 1933. godine sa uspehom ostvarivati svoju profesionalnu karijeru. Godine 1927. postao je vanredni profesor opšte patologije na Frankfurtskom univerzitetu; imao je 33 godine, i bio je najmlađi profesor univerziteta u Nemačkoj. Dan posle koga više ništa nije bilo isto u Nemačkoj, bio je 30. januar 1933. godine, kada je Hitler došao na vlast.

The role of the man whose name is in the title of this text, in events that belong to a lesser-known chapter of history, is increasingly seen in the right magnitude. Filip Švarc was born in Vršac, on July 19, 1894, to father Samuel, a merchant, and mother Regina, born Koper, a housewife. Of Schwarz's eleven children, seven died from frequent infectious diseases. Filip attended primary and secondary school in Vršac. According to the 1910 census, there were 876 Jews living in Vršac, and the total population was about 20,000. After graduating from high school, Filip Švarc enrolled in medical studies in Budapest. However, soon after he graduated and began his postgraduate studies, he left Budapest in 1919, because anti-Semitism in Hungary, after the disintegration of Austria-Hungary and the defeat in the First World War, was gaining momentum. At that time, cultural and scientific centers in Germany were attractive to many Jews from Eastern Europe. The academic environment at the University of Frankfurt offered students quality lecturers and good working conditions, and Filip Švarc will successfully pursue his professional career in that environment from 1919 until 1933. In 1927, he became an associate professor of general pathology at the University of Frankfurt; he was 33 years old and was the youngest university professor in Germany. The day after nothing was the same in Germany was January 30, 1933, when Hitler came to power.