The military judiciary in post-war years

Abstract

The organization of the military judiciary was subject to frequent changes in the period just after WWII. By-laws on military courts and organization and competence of military courts of 1944 reinstated a new and uniform organization of military judiciary in the whole country. The by-law was replaced by the Law on organization and competence of military courts in the Yugoslav army of August 24, 1945, which set up a system of military courts after the fashion of the military judiciary in the USSR. A new legal act on military courts was the Law on military courts, enacted towards the end of 1947. he Law on military courts introduced a military court system with two levels, consisting of first-instance courts and the Supreme military court. Acts on military courts enacted just after WWII military courts gave them quite a wide competence regarding criminal law, primarily due to the high degree of societal militarization after WWII.

Organizacija vojnog sudstva bila je izložena čestim promena u periodu neposredno nakon Drugog svetskog rata. Uredbom o vojnim sudovima i ustrojstvu i nadležnosti vojnih sudova iz 1944. godine uspostavljena je nova i jednoobrazna organizacija vojnog sudstva u čitavoj državi. Uredba je zamenjena Zakonom o uređenju i nadležnosti vojnih sudova u Jugoslovenskoj armiji od 24.8.1945. godine koji je uspostavio sistem vojnih sudova po uzoru na vojno sudstvo u SSSR-u. Novi zakonski propis o vojnim sudovima bio je Zakon o vojnim sudovima, koji je usvojen krajem 1947. godine. Zakon o vojnim sudovima uveo je dvostepeni vojno sudski sistem sastavljen od prvostepenih sudova i Vrhovnog vojnog suda. Propisima o vojnim sudovima donetim neposredno nakon Drugog svetskog rata veoma široko je bila postavljena nadležnost vojnih sudova u materiji krivičnog prava, što je pre svega bilo izraz visokog stepena militarizacije društva nakon Drugog svetskog rata.